Non-Commercial Partnership «Yuzharcheologia», 95а M. Gorky St., Rostov-upon-Don, Russia [azaharikov@mail.ru]
Abstract. Quartzite assemblages of the lower layers of the Early Upper Paleolithic site of Nepryakhino (Saratov oblast, Russia) include numerous bifacially worked objects. They make up between 15% and 31% of formal tools. The paper deals with a group of 22 bifaces which differ from finished high-quality tools in their small size, low (2 or less) width/thickness ratio, deep and shortened flaking scars, battered edges. The author uses experimental and comparative evidence to argue that this group may reflect what is called apprentice knapping.
Keywords: Nepryakhino, bifaces, points, Early Upper Paleolithic, apprentice knappers’ products.
Received 05.02.2020, revised 08.03.2020, accepted 24.03.2020.
DOI: 10.31600/2658-3925-2020-1-123-134
For citation: Zakharikov A. P. Apprentice-made bifaces from the lower layers of Nepryakhino. Prehistoric Archaeology. Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies. 2020 (1), 123-134 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.31600/2658-3925-2020-1-123-134
References:
Grimm L. 2000. Apprentice flintknapping. Relating material culture and social practice in the Upper Palaeolithic. In: Derevenski J. S. (ed.). Children and Material Culture. London, New York: Routledge, 53–70.
Kanomata Y. 2017. Otchet o radiouglerodnom AMS datirovanii. Stojanka Neprjakhino. Rossija, oktjabr’ 2016 g. Arkheologicheskie zapiski. Vyp. 9. Rostov-na-Donu, 12–14 (in Russian).
Lev S. Ju., Es’kova D. K. 2012. Kremnevye skoplenija kak ehlement struktury stojanki Zarajjsk B. Kratkie soobshhenija Instituta arkheologii 227, 83–93 (in Russian).
Matjukhin A. E. 2012. Birjuch’ja balka 2. Mnogoslojjnyjj paleoliticheskijj pamjatnik vbassejjne Nizhnego Dona. Trudy IIMK RAN. T. XXXIX. SPb.: “Nestor-Istorija” Publ. (in Russian).
Pigeot N. 1987. Magdaleniens d’Etiolles. Economie de debitage et organization sociale (l’unite d’habitation U5). XXV suppl. a “Gallia Prehistoire”. Paris: CNRS.
Politis G. G. 2005. Children’s activity in the production of the archaeological record of hunter-gatherers: An ethnoarchaeological approach. In: Funari P. P., Zarankin A., Stovel E. (eds.). Global Archaeological Theory. Boston, MA: Springer, 121–143.
Simonet A. 2012 Did Gravettian apprentices make projectile elements in Tercis (Landes, France). PALEO 23, 1–27.
Shea J. 2006. Child’s play: Reflections on the invisibility of children in the Paleolithic record. Evolutionary Anthropology 15, 212–216.
Stapert D. 2007. Neanderthal children and their flints. PalArch’s Journal of Archaeology of Northwest Europe 1, 16–38.
Viken S., Darmark K. 2018. Knap Time! Identifying novice flint knapping at the E18 Tvedestrand-Arendal sites. In: Reitan G., Sundström L. (eds.). Kystens steinalder i Aust-Agder. Arkeologiske undersøkelser i forbindelse med ny E18 Tvedestrand-Arendal. Cappelen Damm Akademisk, 525–538.
Zakharikov A. P. 1993. Bifasy Neprjakhino. Arkheologicheskie vesti. Vyp. 1. Saratov, 47– 63 (in Russian).
Zakharikov A. P. 1999. Tekhnologija izgotovlenija bifasial’nykh orudijj nizhnikh sloev stojanki Neprjakhino. Arkheologicheskoe nasledie Saratovskogo kraja. Okhrana i issledovanija v 1997 godu. Vyp. 3. Saratov, 108–121 (in Russian).
Zakharikov A. 2002. Le site de Nepryakhino sur la moyenne Volga (Russie). L’Anthropologie 106, 185–206.
Zakharikov A. 2017. The multilayer Nepryakhino site and the Streletskian. In: Vasilyev S., Sinitsyn A., Otte M. (eds.). Le Sungirien (Etudes et recherches archéologiques de l’Université de Liège 147). Liège: Presses Universitaires, 61–72.
Zakharikov A. P. 2017a. Kompleksnye issledovanija mnogoslojjnojj stojanki Neprjakhino v 2016 godu. Arkheologicheskoe nasledie Saratovskogo kraja. Vyp. 15. Saratov, 3–29 (in Russian).
Zakharikov A. P. 2017b. Raskopki stojanki Neprjakhino v 2016 godu. Arkheologicheskie zapiski. Vyp. 9. Rostov-na-Donu, 6–11 (in Russian).
Zakharikov A. P. 2018. Mnogoslojjnaja stojanka Neprjakhino. Rostov-na-Donu: “Al’tair” Publ. (in Russian).
Zakharikov A. P. 2019. Rannijj verkhnijj paleolit na jugo-vostoke Vostochno-Evropejjskojj ravniny (po materialam novykh raskopok stojanki Neprjakhino). In: Gavrilov K. N. (ed.). Kul’turnaja geografija paleolita Vostochno-Evropejjskojj ravniny: ot mikoka do ehpigravetta. M: IA RAN, 79–80 (in Russian).