Institute for the History of Material Culture RAS, 18 Dvortsovaya emb., St. Petersburg, 191186, Russia [pitulko.vladimir@gmail.com]
Resume. The Yana B area and the Northern Point locality are parts of the Yana site complex discovered in 2001. Both areas belong to synchronous occupations but appear to differ in some important details. This difference is evaluated by the qualitative analysis of the components found in culture-bearing strata in both localities. Each component is evaluated by its physical presence (from zero to mass quantity). It is shown that well-pronounced difference may exist within single archaeological complex that consists of synchronous parts with in situ contexts. This clearly tells certain difference in human behaviour performed in different parts of the site and thus can be likely explained by different activity and/or seasonality. This possibility should be taken into consideration when interpreting Upper Palaeolithic and other contexts elsewhere.
Keywords: Upper Palaeolithic, East Siberia, Arctic, Yana site.
Received 17.12.2018.
DOI: 10.31600/2658-3925-2019-1-64-91
For citation: Pitulko V. V. Yana B area of the Yana site: some observations done during the excavations of 2015 through 2018. Prehistoric Archaeology. Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies. 2019 (1), 64-91 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.31600/2658-3925-2019-1-64-91
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