Университет Саймон Фрейзер, университетская ул., 888, Бернаби, BC V5A 1S6, Канада [susanne_villeneuve@sfu.ca]

Университет Британской Колумбии, ул. Марин, 6309, Ванкувер, BC V6T 1Z1, Канада [bhayden@sfu.ca]

Резюме. Излишки рассматривались как ключевой фактор возникновения социального неравенства, и поэтому археологи уделяли им большое внимание в своей работе. Многие исследователи пытались судить о наличии излишков в преистории на основании археологических свидетельств существования сооружений для хранения припасов. Однако такой подход имеет ряд серьёзных недостатков, которые привели к мнению, что в позднем эпипалеолите Леванта излишки отсутствовали и, следовательно, отсутствовали также неравенство и сложные общества. Сознавая трудность выявления практики хранения в древности, мы предлагаем использовать для этого косвенные показатели и, опираясь на сочетание археологической, этноархеологической и этнографической информации, а также традиционного бытового опыта, исследовать новые пути осмысления того, как изучать поведение, связанное с хранением пищевых припасов и с их излишками. Руководствуясь этим подходом, мы предполагаем, что информация, могущая дать возможность выявить наличие существенных излишков (и, следовательно, трансэгалитарных типов неравенства) в эпипалеолите, упускалась из виду.

Ключевые слова: эпипалеолит, Левант, излишки, хранение, неравенство.

Материал поступил 24.11.2019, принят 15.02.2020.

DOI: 10.31600/2658-3925-2020-1-44-54

Для цитирования: Вильнёв С., Хейден Б. Неравенство в эпипалеолите Леванта. Первобытная археология. Журнал междисциплинарных исследований. 2020 (1), 44-54. DOI: 10.31600/10.31600/2658-3925-2020-1-44-54

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